Which Cisco IOS command is used to configure a static route on a router?
Correct Answer: C
Detailed Explanation: The command "ip route" is used in Cisco IOS to configure a static route on a router. Static routing is a method of routing in which routes are manually configured by a network administrator rather than dynamically learned through routing protocols. Although static routes require manual configuration and maintenance, they are essential in certain network scenarios where a fixed, predictable route is desired or where dynamic routing protocols are not appropriate. When you configure a static route using the "ip route" command, you specify the destination network, the subnet mask, and the next-hop IP address (or exit interface) through which the packet should be forwarded. For example, the command: ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 tells the router that for any traffic destined for the 10.10.10.0/24 network, the next hop is at the IP address 192.168.1.2. This clear definition of the packet’s path is critical in networks where routing stability and security are prioritized. Static routing is often used in smaller networks or in networks where a backup route is required. It offers several advantages: Simplicity: The configuration is straightforward, making it easy to understand and troubleshoot. Predictability: Since the route does not change unless manually modified, the network behavior is very predictable. Security: Static routes are less susceptible to routing protocol attacks because they do not exchange routing information with other routers. However, static routing also has limitations. In larger, more dynamic networks, maintaining a static routing table can be cumbersome and error-prone. If network topology changes—due to link failures or the addition of new routers—the static routes must be manually updated to reflect these changes. This lack of automatic adaptation is a significant drawback compared to dynamic routing protocols, which can automatically adjust to network changes. Static routes are particularly useful in scenarios where the network topology is stable and predictable. They are often deployed for routing traffic between different departments in an organization or as backup routes in case the primary dynamic route fails. Additionally, static routes are used in stub networks—networks that have only one exit point to reach the rest of the network. In such cases, dynamic routing may be unnecessary, and a static route offers a simple and secure solution. For network professionals preparing for the CCNA exam, mastering the "ip route" command is vital. Understanding how to implement static routes, along with their benefits and limitations, is fundamental to designing and managing resilient networks. This knowledge is also crucial for troubleshooting routing issues, as it allows professionals to verify that the correct routes are in place and functioning as intended. In conclusion, the "ip route" command is the primary method for configuring static routes on a Cisco router. It enables network administrators to define fixed paths for data to traverse the network, ensuring predictable and secure routing in environments where dynamic changes are minimal or where additional control over routing is required.
This CCNA practice question helps students prepare for Cisco networking certification exams by testing knowledge of network fundamentals, routing, switching, and network security concepts.